NUCLEAR SECURITY SUMMIT 2012
- VENUE: Seoul (South Korea)
- PARTICIPANTS: Delegates from 53 countries and four international organizations, including US President Barack Obama and PM Manmohan Singh will take part in the two day summit from March 26.
- AGENDA: Leaders will discuss the global threat posed by nuclear terrorism & measures required to prevent terrorists’ access to nuclear material & technology.
- Manmohan Singh will also hold bilateral talks with South Korean President Lee Myung-buk.
WASHINTON SUMMIT:
- The first Nuclear Security Summit was held in Washington, D.C., April 12-13, 2010.
- Forty-seven national delegations as well as the heads of the United Nations, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the European Union attended the summit.
- The summit concluded with a communiqué, which embraces the goal of securing all of the world’s vulnerable weapons-useable nuclear materials within four years, and a work plan, which identified existing international agreements and resources that are available to countries as they work to secure or eliminate their civilian stockpiles of this material.
THE WASHINGTON
COMMUNIQUE:
- Reaffirms the fundamental responsibility of states to maintain effective security of all nuclear materials and recognizes the need for cooperation in this area;
- Recognizes that highly enriched uranium (HEU) and separated plutonium require special precautions and encourages the conversion of reactors from HEU to low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel and minimization of use of HEU, where feasible;
- Reaffirms the essential role of the International Atomic Energy Agency in the international nuclear security framework and will work to ensure that it continues to have the appropriate structure, resources and expertise to carry out its activities;
- Notes the positive contributions of mechanisms like the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism, to build capacity among law enforcement, industry, and technical personnel;
- Supports the implementation of strong nuclear security practices that will not infringe upon the rights of States to develop and utilize nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and technology and will facilitate international cooperation in the field of nuclear security.
THE WASHINGTON WORK PLAN:
- Support for Security Council Resolution 1540
- Conversion of civilian facilities from HEU to non-weapons-useable materials
- Research on new nuclear fuels
- Detection methods and forensic technologies
- Development of corporate and institutional cultures that prioritize nuclear security; education and training
- Joint exercises among law enforcement and customs officials to enhance nuclear detection opportunities.
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